Thematic mapping — a geographical map whose content is defined by a specific theme. Thematic maps represent the distribution of various natural and socio-economic objects and phenomena, characterizing them qualitatively and quantitatively, showing the interrelationships between these objects and phenomena, and their development over time.

Special maps — are maps used for detailed examination of the terrain, aviation navigation support, transportation organization, and other specialized tasks (the list is regulated by the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 7, 2020, No. 1369).

Geological maps - for understanding global, regional, and local characteristics of the Earth's crust structure, ongoing geological processes, exploration of mineral resources, and more.

Geophysical maps - for studying geodynamic phenomena and processes occurring in the Earth's shells and core, and for exploration of mineral deposits.

Relief maps - for examining the morphology, genesis, age, and dynamics of land and seafloor relief.

Climate maps - for analyzing and forecasting the climate of territories and its elements by months, seasons, years, climatic periods, and epochs.

Hydrological maps - for studying the distribution of surface water regime, composition, and properties of terrestrial waters, water balance, and resources of territories.

Oceanographic maps - for studying the world's oceans.

Soil maps - used in soil cadastre accounting, economic assessment of soils, development of agronomic measures and land reclamation, and combating soil erosion.

Zoogeographic maps - for inventory, studying the distribution and migration of animals, their interactions with the environment, and for developing measures for the conservation and reproduction of wildlife.

Socio-economic maps are used in Earth sciences and the development of projects for the development of World Ocean resources, economic assessment of resources, planning measures for their conservation and reproduction, development, and placement of reproduction, extraction of mineral resources on the continental shelf, etc.

The purpose of thematic mapping and special maps is for evaluative research on:

• Living conditions of the population, the impact of climate on people's health, and adaptability to adverse weather and climatic factors;
• Agroclimatic conditions and the influence of climate fluctuations on agricultural crop yields;
• Territory development conditions for civil, industrial, and other types of construction;
• Recreational conditions of the area, and much more.

The main objective of creating (updating) thematic and special maps is to obtain cartographic products that correspond as closely as possible to the actual state of the area, created in accordance with applicable regulatory and technical documents and the Technical Task.

• Identification and study of hazardous geological processes;
• Determination of karst hazard of the territory;
• Identification of swamps and marshy areas;
• Determination of ravine and gully erosion;
• Identification of potentially hazardous landslide areas.

For safe planning of infrastructure development in oil and gas fields, a complete understanding of the surrounding environment is necessary.

• Areas with potential development of landslide processes;
• Areas with potential development of karst processes;
• Marshy areas;
• Ravine and gully network and areas with potential development of ravine and gully processes;
• Determination of soil types;
• Determination of types of Quaternary deposits.

In the process of field and laboratory work, the potentially hazardous areas found are verified on-site through soil, rock, and water sampling, chemical analysis, and documentation of field surveys and sampling protocols for quantitative chemical analysis.

The result of decoding remote sensing materials, thematic mapping, sampling, and analysis is the creation of maps of potentially hazardous geological processes. The set of thematic maps should provide information about the natural conditions of the territory where construction will take place and factors of technogenic impact on the environment, evaluation of hazardous processes and phenomena, and the development of measures for environmental protection.

By using own resources: obtaining and analyzing remote sensing materials, spatial referencing, creating orthophotos, creating digital elevation models (DEM), and creating digital thematic cartographic materials.

Through local partners: fieldwork, chemical and analytical research.

• Engineering-geological zoning map;
• Engineering-geological conditions map with a table of characteristics of identified taxons;
• Map of factual material based on a situational plan;
• Map of hazardous geological and engineering-geological processes;
• Map of karst development and karst hazard;
• Map-scheme of hazardous geological processes development.

The result of the work should provide sufficient materials and data for the project justification of the locations for the placement of territorial and linear facilities, the development of measures and structures for engineering protection, protection of the geological environment, and the creation of safe living conditions for the population, and the development of construction organization projects.

High and very high-resolution satellite imagery can be obtained more promptly as they may already be in the archives of the operator, and new imagery does not require any coordination with competent authorities.

In addition, aerial imagery allows obtaining images with high spatial resolution (up to 1 cm/pixel) and provides a higher level of detail for orthophotos and models, ensuring the root mean square error (RMSE) of coordinate determination is less than 10 cm. Aerial imagery can also be conducted below continuous cloud cover.